This Compound in Kale and Other Brassica Vegetables may Prevent Colon Cancer
Good news vegetable-lovers: research shows that vegetables like kale, cabbage, and broccoli contain chemicals that may prevent colon cancer. [1]
When mice were fed a diet containing a chemical found in the brassica family of vegetables – including broccoli, cabbage, collards, Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, kale, kohlrabi, swede, turnip, bok choi, and mizuna – scientists realized the animals were less likely to develop inflammation and colon cancer. [1] [2]
Colon cancer is the third most common form of cancer in men and women. The American Cancer Society estimates that there will be more than 97,000 new cases diagnosed in the U.S. in 2018. [2]
Vegetables from the Brassica genus produce a chemical called indole-3-carbinol (I3C) when they are digested, the study shows. I3C may prevent colon cancer by activating a protein called the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). [1]
This protein signals immune cells and epithelial cells that line the gut, preventing it from becoming inflamed when introduced to a bacteria that can live in the digestive system. Both types of cells are considered the first line of defense against harmful bacteria and viruses.
The role of AhR in the gut is to “inform” immune cells and other cells in the lining of the intestine to the presence of environmental signals that are vital for preventing bacteria in the digestive tract which give off inflammation-promoting signals. [2]
Read: 5 Immune-Boosting Ingredients for an Anti-Cancer Smoothie
When a person lacks AhR or has a faulty version of it in their gut, the stem cells fail to convert into working cells in the gut lining but “divide uncontrollably.” This can lead to abnormal growths that become cancerous.
First author Dr. Amina Metidji from the Francis Crick Institute explained: [3]
“We studied genetically modified mice that cannot produce or activate AhR in their guts, and found that they readily developed gut inflammation which progressed to colon cancer.
However, when we fed them a diet enriched with I3C, they did not develop inflammation or cancer. Interestingly, when mice whose cancer was already developing were switched to the I3C-enriched diet, they ended up with significantly fewer tumors which were also more benign.”
America is in the grip of an obesity crisis that is setting overweight and obese people up for serious health complications, including colon cancer. This is no small part due to Americans’ embrace of the Western diet, which is loaded with unhealthy fats and sugar, and low on vegetables.
Dr. Gitta Stockinger, group leader at the Francis Crick Institute and senior author, said the study’s results “suggest a mechanism behind this observation.”
That may be a sad reality, but it comes with a glimmer of hope. What you eat can stave off a cancer diagnosis, and lowering your risk of developing a form of the disease is as easy as changing your diet.
Read: Broccoli as a Medicine – Why You Should be Growing Broccoli Sprouts
Stockinger said:
“These findings are a cause for optimism; while we can’t change the genetic factors that increase our risk of cancer, we can probably mitigate these risks by adopting an appropriate diet with plenty of vegetables.”
And if you’re not a fan of kale, there are plenty of other Brassica family veggies to choose from.
Sources:
[1] Newsweek
[3] Independent
